Overview:

The Port of Colombo also known as the Port of Colombo Artificial Port, is one of the largest artificial ports in the world, and one of the important midway ports of the world navigation lines in Europe, Asia, the Pacific, and the Indian Ocean. The Port of Colombo in Sri Lanka was built in 1912, but the Port of Colombo has a history of at least 400 years as a global port. As early as the 8th century AD, the Port of Colombo had become an important business center. In the 14th century, Chinese merchants frequently visited the Port of Colombo for commercial activities. In the 19th century, the British built the Port of Colombo in Sri Lanka during the colonial period of Sri Lanka.

Port of Colombo-Overview

• English name of the port: COLOMBO
• Port code: LKCMB
• Port abbreviation: CMB
• Country: SriLanka/Sri Lanka
• Port nature: estuary seaport, free trade zone, basic port (M)
• Latitude and longitude: 06 degrees 56 minutes N, 079 degrees 50 minutes E
• Route: Bangladesh, Denmark and Maersk Line (MAERSK LINE) have liners directly to Hong Kong.

Port of Colombo-Introduction

Sri Lanka Commercial Port, North Indian Ocean Terminal. It is located on the southwest coast of the country, 1580 nautical miles from Singapore in the east, 3210 nautical miles from Fremantle Port in the southeast, 1250 nautical miles from Yangon Port in the northeast, 1240 nautical miles from Kolkata Port, 889 nautical miles from Mumbai Port in the northwest, to Hall The Muzi Strait is 1,784 nautical miles, 2090 nautical miles from the Port of Aden in the west, and 2,188 nautical miles from the Mande Strait.

The port area is composed of large and small jetties extending from the west on the land bank, arranged in the north and south. There is a breakwater outside. Ships can enter the port from the west entrance or the north entrance. The water depth is 10-12 meters. The water area in the port is more than 240 hectares, and most of the waters are dredged to a depth of more than 10 meters. The distribution of the main ocean-going ship docks in the port is: Queen Elizabeth Jetty, located on the east side of the southwest breakwater stretching from south to north. The dock line is 1150 meters long, has five berths, and the front water depth is 11-12 meters. At present, berths 4 and 5 of the terminal have been used for container loading and unloading, and there is a 35-ton loading and unloading bridge on the terminal. 

Jiaye Container Terminal , located on the front quay wall of the two entrances, has two berths of 300 meters and 322 meters, water depths of 12 and 13 meters, each with two 35-ton loading and unloading bridges, and a wharf area of ​​20.7 hectares. It is a new reconstruction of the port. The most modern terminal. The port authority has decided to build a third container berth with a length of 320 meters and a water depth of 13.5 meters. After completion, it can dock Panamax container ships and will become a container transshipment center in the Indian Ocean region. 

Bandaranaike jetty has a total length of more than 960 meters. There are 5 berths on both sides and top. The water depth is 10-11 meters. It is used for ocean-going groceries. There are cargo sheds on the pier. 

Figaya Wharf, located on the inner side of the northern jetty of the port area, has 2 berths, 380 meters long and 10 meters deep, and is used for bulk cargo. There is a flour mill in the rear, and the outside of the jetty is used as a breakwater. 

The oil terminal is located on the north-south jetty in the northern part of the port area. It has 2 berths and has a water depth of 11 meters along the side. There is an oil pipeline at the terminal, which can be used to add fuel oil, and is also used for the export of coconut oil, rubber slurry and other liquid cargoes. Although there are only 20 berths for ocean-going vessels in Hong Kong, they are increasingly important for the country and for the transit of ships and container cargoes passing by the North Indian Ocean.

Port of Colombo-History

• The port of Colombo in Sri Lanka was a Muslim commercial town around 700 AD, named "Kalamba". In the 16th century, Portuguese colonists established a military fortress and changed its current name. After the seventeenth century, it was the main foreign trade port. A necessary place for shipping in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Pacific region. Collecting and distributing 90% of the country's foreign trade commodities. transportation hub. Railways and highways connect all parts of the country. International airports connect to major cities in the world. There are large and medium-sized factories such as textiles, oil refining, fertilizers, tires, machine manufacturing and steel. The Kailani River can provide sufficient water for the city. There are 4 hydroelectric power stations upstream, which supply electricity for the whole city. There are International Conference Building, University of Sri Lanka Branch Campus and National Museum. There are satellite cities such as Dehiwala, Mount Lavinia, Ratmorana and Kelania in the outskirts.
• Colombo is located in southern Asia and is an island country in the Indian Ocean. The area is 65,610 square kilometers. The coastline is 1,200 kilometers long. The central and southern regions are plateaus and mountains, with an average elevation of about 600 meters.
• The capital, Colombo, is the largest city in Sri Lanka. It is located on the southwest coast of Ceylon Island, south of the Krani River. Colombo means "paradise of the sea" in Sinhalese. The city has a long history. As early as the 8th century, Arabs built and settled here. At that time, it was called "Koramba" ("port and mango tree"), which was later translated as "Colombo" by the Portuguese. The country became the capital after independence. It is located on the seashore, with a pleasant climate, high temperatures and no sweltering heat. There are ironwood trees called the national tree and water lilies, the national flower, on the streets of the city, but most of them are coconut trees that directly rise to the sky. There are also many peculiar trees, such as the "rain tree", which is a kind of tree that absorbs water by its leaves in the evening until the sun rises in the east, the leaves stretch, and water is sprayed on plants under the tree like raindrops. It is also a paradise for crows (called "sacred birds" by Sri Lankans), hovering in the sky, covering the sky and the sun, and their calls are deafening.

Port of Colombo-Geography and Climate

• The port of Colombo, Sri Lanka is located on the south bank of the KELANI estuary on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka (the full name: THEDEM-OCRATICSOCIALSTREPUBLICOFSRILANKS) on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka. It is close to the northern side of the Indian Ocean and is the largest port in Sri Lanka. It is the capital of Sri Lanka and the political, economic, transportation and cultural center of the country. It is also an important terminal in the Indian Ocean on the world waterway and a supply station for passing ships across the Indian Ocean. It is a national transportation hub, with railways and roads leading to all parts of the world. The main industries include textiles, oil refining, fertilizers, tires, machine manufacturing and steel. The port airport is about 18km away, and there are regular liners flying to many major cities in the world.
• The port has a tropical monsoon climate with westerly winds prevailing. The annual average temperature is 22~32℃, and the annual average rainfall is about 2300mm. Average tide height: high tide is 0.7m, low tide is 0.1m.

Port of Colombo-basic configuration

• The Port of Colombo covers an area of ​​24,000 square meters and has 2 port entrances. The port has a water depth of 9 to 11 meters. The conditions are good and suitable for berthing large and very large vessels. It can park 40 very large vessels and several medium-sized vessels simultaneously Small boats. The port has three anti-waves on the southwest, northeast, and northwest respectively. One side faces the sea, and the location is excellent, which is convenient for ships to enter and exit.
• The loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, truck cranes, portal container cranes, forklifts, and oil pipelines with diameters of 254 to 609.6 mm, among which the maximum lifting capacity of the container is 35 tons. Loading and unloading efficiency: 500 tons of fuel oil per hour, 1,000 tons of crude oil per hour. The terminal is the largest reliable ship of 60,000 dwt. The railway line can go directly to the wharf for loading and unloading operations. The wharf also has special grain unloading equipment, which can load flour directly into the factory and unload 200 tons per hour. The 6nmile offshore berth outside the port can berth oil tankers up to 180,000 dwt. The Hong Kong Free Trade Zone was established in 1978 and is located in the northern suburbs of Colombo with an area of ​​1.67 million square meters. In 1992, the container throughput reached 675,000 TEU, an increase of 0.94% over 1991. The main export goods were tea, coffee, cocoa, copra, citronella oil, rubber, coconut oil and leather, etc. The main imported goods were petroleum, coal, Rice, ironware, cotton products, cement and fertilizers, etc. The annual cargo throughput here accounts for more than 90% of the country's total.
• The surrounding landscapes of Colombo Port are planted with trees and unique buildings, which make people feel modern and convenient, but also have a new understanding of modern society.

Port of Colombo-International Status

• The throughput in 2005 was 2.45 million TEU, an increase of 11.4% over 2004, ranking 36th in the world.
• The continuous growth of the container throughput of the Port of Colombo further demonstrates its status as a transit cargo hub port in South Asia. The main terminals of the Port of Colombo are the South Asia Gateway Terminals of Dubai World Ports and the state-owned enterprise terminal operated by the Sri Lanka Port Authority.
• Parakrama Dissanayake, the former chairman of the Sri Lanka Port Authority, said: "The growth of Colombo Port's throughput mainly depends on state-owned enterprise terminals." The Port of Colombo plans to invest US$1.8 billion in a new investment to increase its handling capacity to 4 million TEU. The annual throughput of the Port of Colombo is 3.3 million TEU.

Colombo Port-Central Port

• Sri Lankan shipping companies recently called on the government authorities to take timely measures to deal with the imminent crisis, otherwise the port of Colombo will lose its status as a central port in 2009.
• Piatillak, chairman of the Shipping Association, said that the construction of breakwaters, various shipping equipment and other common facilities in the South Port of Colombo Port in Sri Lanka will require US$400 million in funding. If the government cannot raise funds as soon as possible, the Port of Colombo will soon lose its status as a central port.
• Through systematic analysis and forecasting of the port container cargo volume, Piatillac pointed out that according to the existing port capacity of the Port of Colombo, it will definitely be overwhelmed by 2009. Therefore, the major shipping companies that operate large ships with a carrying capacity of more than 9,000 TEU will It is very possible to choose to use other ports.

Port of Colombo-Port Development

• The Elizabeth Terminal, operated by a private consortium at the Port of Colombo, Sri Lanka, has a container throughput of 300,602 boxes, a sharp increase of 50% over the same period in 2004. Since the privatization of the terminal for one year, the average monthly throughput has been 25,000 containers.
• John, the chief executive of the operating company South Asia Gateway Terminal (SAGT), said that this ideal result is worthy of recognition. SAGT is a company invested and operated by the Australian Railway Port in Sri Lanka. It took over the Queen Elizabeth Terminal in September 1999 and will modernize it through an investment of 240 million US dollars. The annual throughput has increased from the past 240,000 boxes. , The ability to increase to one million boxes.
• According to John, the basic facilities of the terminal still need major renovation, including outdated quay cranes, too narrow berths and crowded sites. However, after the re-management, the output has increased significantly. One of the main reasons is that there is a good group and good The productivity of quay cranes has been re-adjusted and increased, with an average of 38 to 40 containers being loaded and unloaded per hour, which is double the old productivity. Other improvement measures include international management experience, advanced computer systems and increased productivity.
• The Queen Elizabeth Wharf is still under development. The new berth has a coastline of 940 meters and a channel depth of 14 meters. There are three container berths and nine quay cranes, which are large enough to accommodate large super-Panamax container ships.
• SAGT has ordered nine new quay cranes, of which six are super-Panamax quay cranes and three are Panamax quay cranes, manufactured by Argentina's IM PSA company at a cost of 40 million U.S. dollars. The first quay crane was delivered later this year, and the other 24 tyre cranes were ordered from Korea Heavy Industries & Construction.

Port of Colombo-Route Status

• Anchorage: Inner Anchorage: Located in the area surrounded by the city from 06°56 minutes to 06°57 minutes north latitude and 79°46 minutes to 79°48 minutes east longitude. Vessels are allowed to stay at anchorage for up to 6 hours, but this can be extended with permission from the Port Authority.
• Panadura Anchorage: 8.0 nautical miles to 10.0 nautical miles south of the Colombo Lighthouse. The anchoring instructions are issued by the Colombo Port Control Center through high-frequency telephone channels 16 and 10.
• Navigation: compulsory diversion. When approaching the port, the “G” flag should be hoisted when water diversion is required, and 2 red lights should be lit at night. In addition, the water diversion station can also be contacted via high-frequency telephone channels 16 or 10. The location of the drinking water station telegram is: the drinking water station of the Sri Lanka Port Affairs Department.
• The vessel will contact the water diversion station 24 hours before the estimated time of arrival, and the agent will report any changes thereafter.
• The pilot boat is a white motorboat with the word "Pilot" written on the side of the boat, the "H" flag is hung during the day, and 2 red lights are on at night, in compliance with international signal standards.
• The diversion and embarkation place is about 130 degrees (T) * 1.5 nautical miles at the green light of the port.